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Employer’s Guide to Medical Tourism Benefit Design

為了解決International Design的問題，作者Todd, Maria K. 這樣論述：

Health travel, domestic and international, for the group health benefit sector is an established cost containment option that was for years, used primarily by reinsurers and case management firms and limited to rare, high-cost, tertiary care. Through the use of cost-saving benefit design incentives,

employers are testing the receptiveness of plan participants and encouraging plan members to consider a narrow network of high-performance healthcare providers in targeted locations that may be located further from home. In addition to foreign medical tourism, this has given rise to another emergin

g market - domestic medical tourism. Unlike foreign medical tourism, patients don't leave the country. Instead they travel to another city with the U.S. to have procedures for upt to 75% less than they would pay if they were treated closer to home. Large employers such as Wal-Mart, Lowe's and Pepsi

Co are offering employees and dependents heart, spine and transplant surgeries at large medical facilities such as John Hopkins and the Cleveland Clinic, regardless of where they are located in the U.S. This book addresses how to design and launch a health travel benefit pilot program, plan funding

options, quality, safety and logistic considerations, provider selection criteria, and bundled case rate contracting in the USA and abroad. The author also includes many worksheets, checklists and forms to use when designing a health travel benefit program.

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區塊鏈技術在台灣二手車市場應用之實證研究

為了解決International Design的問題，作者蘇祐 這樣論述：

近年來的二手車市場交易量皆比新車市場高的多，且每年逐漸上升，此市場日益壯大，價格機制卻還是相當混亂，相當不透明，故此本研究以改善台灣二手車市場資訊不對稱問題為發想，設計一套網頁系統，以以太坊區塊鏈為系統底層，且成立一個二手車聯盟來管理該系統，有意願加入此系統的車主需將車輛移至與聯盟配合之檢修場，在確認資料無誤後，聯盟會將該車輛的資料上傳至區塊鏈系統上，以供系統參與者查閱。 本研究透過設計區塊鏈系統進行實作實驗，依據區塊鏈的不可篡改性來用以改善台灣二手車市場資訊不對稱問題，並使用Node.js SDK工具提供網頁客戶端，模擬車輛資料上傳的流程，最後提出三項實驗數據以檢驗新的系統架構設計適確性

，以及檢驗資料的正確性。實驗結果顯示，本研究所提出之二手車區塊鏈系統確實可改善二手車市場資訊不對稱的問題，藉由區塊鏈的不可篡改性，讓資料上傳後就無法修改，就算覆蓋過去鏈上也都能查到相對的紀錄，確保鏈上資料的正確性，讓其餘參與者在系統上查閱時，能夠信任這份資料，進一步改善過去消費者只能以車主所提供之資料作為參考，讓二手車市場資訊更加透明，進一步提高消費者對市場的滿意度及忠誠度。

The Anesthesia Guide, 2nd Edition

為了解決International Design的問題，作者Atchabahian, Arthur,Gupta, Ruchir 這樣論述：

A practical, quick-reference guide to clinical anesthesiology - presented in full colorPerfect for the OR and ICU, this carry-anywhere handbook is concise yet comprehensive, adeptly covering the wide range of topics encountered in the practice of anesthesiology. It is the perfect learning tool for t

rainees and an outstanding reference for experienced anesthesiologists. Presented in full color, The Anesthesia Guide, Second Edition utilizes numerous illustrations, high-yield bulleted text, diagrams, tables, and algorithms to impart must-know information on how specific cases should be managed. U

pdates to the Second Edition focus on making the content even more high yield, and a more consistent user-friendly design.-Coverage includes drug dosages, monitoring, complications, and clinical pearls. -An international team of contributors ensures coverage of topics from a global perspective-Divid

ed into color-coded sections based on anesthetic subspecialty for ease of reference Arthur Atchabahian, MD is Associate Professor of Anesthesiology at New York University.Ruchir Gupta, MD is Staff Anesthesiologist at North Shore University-Long Island Jewish Hospital.

An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma

為了解決International Design的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：

Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS

C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide

spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai

lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden

tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for

practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim

ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo

r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa

nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin

1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66

836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate

and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.