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Brookline: The Evolution of an American Jewish Suburb

為了解決Validation的問題，作者Phillips, Bruce A. 這樣論述：

First published in 1990, Brookline: The Evolution of an American Jewish Suburb explores how Brookline became home to one of America’s most vibrant Jewish communities. For over a century, Brookline, Massachusetts, was one of the oldest and most elite suburbs in America. By the end of the Second Wo

rld War, its transformation into a distinctly Jewish suburb had begun. Through the use of sociological oral history, the book seeks to present the social world of Brookline Jews as they experienced it. Combined with a variety of documentary resources, such as newspapers and congregational bulletins,

it contextualises the accounts of the informants consulted to provide both factual and ethnographic validation and a detailed insight into the process by which this elite Yankee suburb became a core Jewish community.

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An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma

為了解決Validation的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：

Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS

C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide

spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai

lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden

tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for

practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim

ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo

r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa

nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin

1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66

836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate

and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.

Scattering Methods in Structural Biology Part B: Volume 675

為了解決Validation的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Scattering Methods in Structural Biology, Part B, Volume 676 in the Methods in Enzymology serial, highlights advances in the field, presenting chapters on Quality controls, Refining biomolecular structures and ensembles by SAXS-driven molecular dynamics simulations, Data analysis and modelling of

small-angle scattering data with contrast variation, Observing protein degradation in solution by the PAN-20S proteasome complex: state-of-the-art and future perspectives of TR-SANS as a complementary tool to NMR, crystallography and Cryo-EM, Extracting structural insights from chemically-specific

soft X-ray scattering, Reconstruction of 3D density of biological macromolecules from solution scattering, ATSAS- present state and new developments in computational methods, and much more.Additional chapters cover Modeling Structure and Dynamics of Protein Complexes with SAXS Profiles (FoXSDock and

MultiFoXS), Validation of macromolecular flexibility in solution by SAXS, Combining NMR, SAXS and SANS to characterize the structure and dynamics of protein complexes, Application of Molecular Simulation Methods to Analyze SAS Data, and more.

探討認知師徒制融入數位學習之學習成效及自主學習行為-以醫放系實習生學習上腹部超音波病灶辨認為例

為了解決Validation的問題，作者蘇于珊 這樣論述：

近幾年，受到疫情的影響使得數位學習在教學領域上的應用愈來愈普遍，數位學習運用在醫學領域相關課程的學門逐漸受到重視。醫院放射科的超音波技術非常重視實作經驗及影像辨認，一向使用師徒制的方式來進行教學，每位實習生所遇到的病灶量與質有差異，且學習過程缺少了反思和探索。因此本研究運用融入認知師徒制之數位學習來進行上腹部超音波病灶之教學，以到醫院實習的醫放系22位實習生為研究對象，希望能藉此提升實習生辨認超音波病灶的學習成效、並探討其學習滿意度及自主學習行為。結果發現運用數位學習上腹部超音波的方式確實能夠提升實習生辨認超音波病灶的學習成效，且整體學習滿意度頗佳，自主學習能力也有提升學習滿意度及自主學習之

間具有顯著相關，且學生的自主學習能力與專題報告也呈現顯著正相關。建議臨床教師推動數位學習融入超音波實習課程，可採用同步線上課程和非同步線上課程的搭配方式及利用線上討論和通訊軟體提供互動活動，未來研究可融入自主學習策略於教學探討對學生自主學習行為和能力的幫助。